Wielgus E, Pawlicki K, Kawa A, Włoch S, Kamiński M
2nd Department of Histology and Embryology, Silesian Medical University, ul. Medyków 20, Katowice-Ligota, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2000 Mar-Apr;6(2):271-7.
Not all the objects created by nature can be described by means of the classical Euclidean geometry rules. New, quickly developing fractal theory can provide another instrument for describing irregular surfaces of e.g. geometric structures and objects whose development results from growth, differentiation and degeneration processes. In the present study we decided to perform fractal analysis of mature, terminal villi of placenta taken from smoking and non-smoking women, during the third trimester of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to find another morphometric parameter, independent of subjective factors, which would provide new information about the studied structure. Placentas were taken from healthy women, untreated primiparas, who did not undergo any hormonal treatment, aged 18 to 27. The material was divided into: control group--placentas from non-smoking women, and two experimental groups--placentas from non-smoking up to 30 cigarettes daily and placentas from women smoking up to 30 cigarettes daily and placentas from women smoking over 30 cigarettes daily. Fractal dimension was determined by three methods: box counting, dilation and mass scaling method. Taking under consideration the results obtained in the present study it seems that fractal dimension, objectively and independently of many factors, allows to perform mathematical estimation of the parameter which is the terminal villi occurrence density within placenta. Among the applied fractal analysis methods, used for placenta terminal villi density grade estimation, the most useful seems to be the box counting method, whereas for estimating villi surface complication--the ratio--mass scaling method. Comparing obtained fractal dimension results, we have found that they increase together with the amount of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy.
并非所有自然形成的物体都能用经典的欧几里得几何规则来描述。迅速发展的新的分形理论可以提供另一种工具，用于描述例如几何结构和物体的不规则表面，这些结构和物体的发展源于生长、分化和退化过程。在本研究中，我们决定对妊娠晚期吸烟和不吸烟女性的成熟胎盘终末绒毛进行分形分析。本研究的目的是找到另一个独立于主观因素的形态测量参数，该参数将提供有关所研究结构的新信息。胎盘取自年龄在18至27岁之间、未接受任何激素治疗的健康初产妇。材料分为：对照组——不吸烟女性的胎盘，以及两个实验组——每天吸烟不超过30支的女性的胎盘和每天吸烟超过30支的女性的胎盘。分形维数通过三种方法确定：盒子计数法、膨胀法和质量标度法。考虑到本研究获得的结果，分形维数似乎可以客观且独立于许多因素，对胎盘内终末绒毛出现密度这一参数进行数学估计。在所应用的用于胎盘终末绒毛密度分级估计的分形分析方法中，最有用的似乎是盒子计数法，而用于估计绒毛表面复杂性的是比率——质量标度法。比较获得的分形维数结果，我们发现它们随着孕期吸烟量的增加而增加。
