Wang K B, Wang W K, Wang C Y, Song G L, Cui R X, Li S H, Zhang X D
Cotton Research Institute, CAAS, P R China, Anyang Henan 455112, China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2001;28(1):69-75.
Based on the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of somatic chromosome of Gossypium barbadense with the probe of genomic DNA (gDNA) of Gossypium arboreum, two sets of chromosomes were easily distinguished by signals hybridized or not. The FISH directly proved that G. barbadense originated from two different diploid species, but was not in concordance with the former point that every chromosome of A sub-genome of tetraploid species was bigger than that of other sub-genome (D genome). The karyotype formula of G. barbadense based on its FISH was 2n = 4x = 52 = 38 m + 14sm(6sat). There were three pairs of satellite chromosomes which were all sm types. Their satellites located in short arms but originated differently from their chromosomes of sub-genome. Fragment translocations occured in the long arms of homologous chromosomes of number 5, 6 and 9 of A sub-genome. It was suggested that the translated fragments come from D sub-genome. The fragments are fairly large with the relative lengths of 19.21%, 17.69% and 12.88% of their whole chromosomes, respectively. At least five pairs of chromosomes in D sub-genome show some hybridized signals of gDNA probe of G. arboreum in their centromere regions, which indicated that there would be chromatin introgressions from A sub-genome.
以亚洲棉基因组DNA（gDNA）为探针，对海岛棉体细胞染色体进行荧光原位杂交（FISH），通过杂交信号与否可轻松区分两组染色体。FISH直接证明海岛棉起源于两个不同的二倍体物种，但与之前四倍体物种A亚基因组的每条染色体都比其他亚基因组（D基因组）的染色体大这一观点不一致。基于FISH的海岛棉核型公式为2n = 4x = 52 = 38 m + 14sm(6sat)。有三对随体染色体，均为sm类型。它们的随体位于短臂，但与亚基因组的染色体起源不同。A亚基因组第5、6和9号同源染色体的长臂发生了片段易位。推测易位片段来自D亚基因组。这些片段相当大，分别占其整条染色体相对长度的19.21%、17.69%和12.88%。D亚基因组中至少有五对染色体在其着丝粒区域显示出亚洲棉gDNA探针的一些杂交信号，这表明存在来自A亚基因组的染色质渐渗。
