Stanford K, Wang Y, Berg B P, Majak W, McCartney D H, Baron V, McAllister T A
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Lethbridge, Canada.
J Dairy Sci. 2001 Jan;84(1):167-76. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74466-9.
A series of studies was conducted to determine the efficacy and possible modes of action of a water-soluble mixture of alcohol ethoxylate and pluronic detergents (AEPD; Blocare 4511, ANCARE, Auckland, NZ) in preventing pasture bloat in ruminants grazing or fed freshly harvested alfalfa. Ten cannulated Suffolk wethers were offered freshly harvested alfalfa; five were given a daily intraruminal dose of 40 ml of 50% AEPD (vol/vol) 1 h before feeding, and five (controls) were dosed with water. Viscosity of ruminal fluid was reduced (P < 0.001) in AEPD-treated wethers, relative to the controls, for the first 2 h after feeding but not at 4 h after feeding and beyond. Treatment with AEPD did not affect dry matter (DM) intake, digestibility of DM, acid detergent fiber, or neutral detergent fiber, or N digestion and retention, implying that AEPD likely would not affect milk production. In a crossover grazing study, five of the wethers were given AEPD in drinking water (0.1%, vol/vol); treatment with AEPD was 100% effective for preventing bloat in sheep grazing early-bloom alfalfa for 4 h daily. Replicate grazing studies were conducted with cattle in Lethbridge, AB; Lacombe, AB; and Kamloops, BC. Treated animals received AEPD in the water (0.06%, vol/vol) and grazed vegetative alfalfa for 6 h daily. As it did with sheep, AEPD treatment effectively precluded the bloat observed in control animals. Consequently, AEPD may be a valuable tool for alfalfa pasture-based dairy production although further study is required to develop an integrated model for optimal administration under a variety of climatic conditions.
开展了一系列研究，以确定醇乙氧基化物和普朗尼克洗涤剂的水溶性混合物（AEPD；Blocare 4511，ANCARE，新西兰奥克兰）在预防反刍动物放牧或采食新鲜收获的苜蓿时发生瘤胃臌气方面的功效及可能的作用方式。给10只安装了瘤胃瘘管的萨福克阉羊投喂新鲜收获的苜蓿；5只在喂食前1小时经瘤胃内每日注射40毫升50% AEPD（体积/体积），另外5只（对照组）注射水。与对照组相比，在喂食后的头2小时，AEPD处理的阉羊瘤胃液粘度降低（P<0.001），但在喂食后4小时及以后则没有降低。AEPD处理不影响干物质（DM）摄入量、DM消化率、酸性洗涤纤维或中性洗涤纤维，也不影响氮的消化和保留，这意味着AEPD可能不会影响产奶量。在一项交叉放牧研究中，给5只阉羊饮用含AEPD的水（0.1%，体积/体积）；AEPD处理对预防每天采食早花期苜蓿4小时的绵羊发生臌气有100%的效果。在加拿大阿尔伯塔省莱斯布里奇、拉康姆以及不列颠哥伦比亚省坎卢普斯对牛进行了重复放牧研究。处理过的动物饮用含AEPD的水（0.06%，体积/体积），每天采食营养期苜蓿6小时。与绵羊一样，AEPD处理有效地防止了对照动物中观察到的臌气。因此，AEPD可能是基于苜蓿牧场的奶牛生产中的一种有价值的工具，不过需要进一步研究以建立一个在各种气候条件下进行最佳给药的综合模型。
