Brewaeys A
Netherlands Institute of Social Sexological Research, Utrecht.
Hum Reprod Update. 2001 Jan-Feb;7(1):38-46. doi: 10.1093/humupd/7.1.38.
The present article reviews the empirical research regarding the parent-child relationships and the development of children in donor insemination (DI) families. Over the years, follow-up studies have appeared sporadically and, despite the varying quality of the research methods, preliminary findings have emerged. Heterosexual DI parents were psychologically well adjusted and had stable marital relationships. DI parents showed a similar or higher quality of parent-child interaction and a greater emotional involvement with their children compared with naturally conceived families. The majority of studies which investigated several aspects of child development found that, overall, DI children were doing well. Findings with regard to emotional/behavioural development, however, were divergent in that some studies identified an increase of such problems while others did not. A steadily growing group within the DI population is lesbian mother families. More recently, follow-up studies have been carried out among DI children who were raised from birth by two mothers. Despite many concerns about the well-being of these children, no adverse effects of this alternative family structure on child development could be identified. As the DI children in all investigations were still young, our knowledge about the long-term effects of DI remains incomplete.
本文回顾了关于供精人工授精（DI）家庭中亲子关系及儿童发育的实证研究。多年来，随访研究零星出现，尽管研究方法质量参差不齐，但已有初步研究结果。异性恋DI父母心理调适良好，婚姻关系稳定。与自然受孕家庭相比，DI父母表现出相似或更高质量的亲子互动，对子女的情感投入也更多。大多数对儿童发育多个方面进行调查的研究发现，总体而言，DI儿童发展良好。然而，关于情感/行为发展的研究结果存在分歧，一些研究发现此类问题有所增加，而另一些研究则未发现。DI群体中女同性恋母亲家庭的数量在稳步增长。最近，对由两位母亲抚养长大的DI儿童进行了随访研究。尽管人们对这些儿童的幸福存在诸多担忧，但未发现这种替代家庭结构对儿童发育有不利影响。由于所有调查中的DI儿童仍年幼，我们对DI长期影响的了解仍然不完整。
