Chylothorax complicating radical neck dissection.

The third reported instance of chylothorax occurring after left radical neck dissection is presented and the literature reviewed. The pathogenesis appears to be lymphatic leakage in the neck with accumulation of chyle in the pleural space in spite of the absence of pneumothorax. The means for entry across an intact pleura is uncertain. The condition can be managed by conservative means consisting of adequate neck drainage and thoracentesis or chest tube drainage. A favorable outcome can be expected.