Woogh C
Queen's University, Department of Psychiatry, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6.
Can J Psychiatry. 2001 Feb;46(1):61-7. doi: 10.1177/070674370104600109.
To examine changes in prevalence rates of treated schizophrenia over 10 years in a small urban teaching centre using data from the Kingston Psychiatric Record Linkage System (KPRLS).
The KPRLS, a psychiatric case register established in 1984, collects and links demographic, diagnostic, and service use information for all psychiatric inpatients, outpatients and emergency contacts at the 3 hospitals in Kingston, Ontario. A preliminary comparison of first admissions for schizophrenia used chart review (1976-1978) and KPRLS data (1996-1998). The KPRLS data were used to calculate population-based prevalence rates of treated schizophrenia in 3 census years (1986, 1991, 1996) for patients in the 2 counties closest to Kingston.
The preliminary comparison showed a 42% decrease in the number of first-admission schizophrenia cases over 20 years. In the main study, the annual inpatient prevalence rates decreased significantly (52%) from 1986 to 1996 with no corresponding change in outpatient rates, regardless of sex. Although total major affective disorders increased, this was due to an increase in major depression, not bipolar disorder.
This is the first Canadian case-register study to support the widely reported falling rates of schizophrenia in other parts of the world over the last 40 years. Since this is a geographically limited prevalence study based on only 10 years of data, further research over longer periods of time in other regions of the country is required to support or refute these findings.
利用金斯顿精神病学记录链接系统（KPRLS）的数据，研究一个小型城市教学中心10年间接受治疗的精神分裂症患病率的变化情况。
KPRLS是1984年建立的一个精神病病例登记册，收集并链接安大略省金斯顿市3家医院所有精神病住院患者、门诊患者及急诊联系人的人口统计学、诊断和服务使用信息。对精神分裂症首次入院病例进行了初步比较，使用了病历回顾数据（1976 - 1978年）和KPRLS数据（1996 - 1998年）。KPRLS数据用于计算离金斯顿市最近的两个县的患者在3个普查年份（1986年、1991年、1996年）中接受治疗的精神分裂症的基于人群的患病率。
初步比较显示，20年间首次入院的精神分裂症病例数减少了42%。在主要研究中，从1986年到1996年，住院患者的年患病率显著下降（52%），而门诊患病率没有相应变化，无论性别如何。虽然总的重性情感障碍有所增加，但这是由于重度抑郁症的增加，而非双相情感障碍。
这是加拿大首例支持世界其他地区在过去40年中精神分裂症患病率普遍下降这一广泛报道的病例登记研究。由于这是一项基于仅10年数据的地理范围有限的患病率研究，需要在该国其他地区进行更长时间的进一步研究来支持或反驳这些发现。
