Primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma. Diagnosis following expectoration of tumor fragment.

A case is presented with spontaneous expectoration of a small piece of solid tissue. Pathologic examination of the expectorated tissue was found to be consistent with leiomyosarcoma. After further work-up, there was no evidence of another primary site of leiomyosarcoma except for the right lower lobe. Right lower lobectomy was performed. The surgical specimen showed a tumor that was histologically identical to the patient's previous expectorated tissue. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of partial expectoration of a primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma.