Herkel U, Pfeiffer N
Mainz University-Hospital, Mainz, Germany.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2001 Apr;12(2):88-93. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200104000-00002.
Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a novel addition to the armamentarium of medical glaucoma treatment; dorzolamide has been available since 1995 and brinzolamide since 1998. They lower intraocular pressure by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, a key enzyme for aqueous humor formation. Intraocular pressure-lowering activity of the substances appears to be the same and is similar to that of most other agents, but it does not reach the activity of the unselective beta-blocker timolol or the prostaglandin latanoprost. On concomitant treatment, additivity is reached with all other topical agents. A possible improvement of blood flow may offer an additional benefit, but its significance for the long-term outcome for human glaucoma remains to be shown. Side effects are mostly local. A more physiologic pH of brinzolamide appears to be advantageous.
局部用碳酸酐酶抑制剂是医学青光眼治疗手段中的一种新补充；多佐胺自1995年起可用，布林佐胺自1998年起可用。它们通过抑制碳酸酐酶来降低眼压，碳酸酐酶是房水形成的关键酶。这些药物的降眼压活性似乎相同，且与大多数其他药物相似，但未达到非选择性β受体阻滞剂噻吗洛尔或前列腺素拉坦前列素的活性。在联合治疗时，与所有其他局部用药可达到相加作用。血流的可能改善或许会带来额外益处，但其对人类青光眼长期预后的意义仍有待证实。副作用大多为局部性。布林佐胺更接近生理的pH值似乎具有优势。
