Lane N J, Abbott N J
Cell Tissue Res. 1975;156(2):173-87. doi: 10.1007/BF00221801.
Central neural connectives and peripheral nerves of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii are surrounded by an acellular neural lamella, beneath which lies a layer of specialised glia, the perineurium. Cell process of the connective perineurium interdigitate extensively, and are frequently closely associated with each other by gap junctions. Occasional zonulae occludentes are encountered. Nerve perineurium, however, is much less elaborate, and may be reduced to a single or incomplete cell layer. In both connective and nerve, the perineurium appears involved in the formation of the collagen-like fibrils of the neural lamella. The comparative fine structure of connective and peripheral nerve correlates well with recent experimental studies in crayfish, where it was concluded that the perineurium in connective but not nerve offers some restriction to diffusion of small ions and molecules. Within the connective, deeper glia re either closely associated with axons (Schwann cells) or lie relatively free in the extracellular space. Cytoplasmic process of both cell types possess "tubular lattice" systems, which are especially elaborate in the Schwann cells. The extracellular space contains a flocculent material and bundles of collagen, together with layers of basal lamina-like material. The physiological implications of the observations are discussed.
克氏原螯虾的中枢神经连接体和外周神经被一层无细胞神经板所包围，在神经板下方是一层特化的神经胶质细胞，即神经束膜。连接体神经束膜的细胞突起广泛交错，并且经常通过缝隙连接彼此紧密相连。偶尔会遇到紧密连接。然而，神经神经束膜则简单得多，可能缩减为单层或不完整的细胞层。在连接体和神经中，神经束膜似乎都参与了神经板中类胶原纤维的形成。连接体和外周神经的比较精细结构与近期对小龙虾的实验研究结果高度相关，该研究得出结论，连接体中的神经束膜而非神经中的神经束膜对小离子和分子的扩散有一定限制。在连接体内，深层神经胶质细胞要么与轴突紧密相连（施万细胞），要么相对自由地存在于细胞外空间。这两种细胞类型的细胞质突起都具有“管状晶格”系统，在施万细胞中尤其复杂。细胞外空间包含絮状物质、胶原束以及多层类基膜物质。文中讨论了这些观察结果的生理学意义。
