Wagner K D
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2001 Mar;24(1):139-53. doi: 10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70210-0.
Children and adolescents with GAD suffer from excessive, pervasive worries that interfere with social, academic, and family functioning. The comorbidity rate with other anxiety disorders and major depression is high. The course tends to be chronic, and evidence shows continuity between anxiety disorders in youth and adulthood. Individual and group CBT and the incorporation of family anxiety management training have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of childhood GAD. No double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmacotherapy trials with adequate sample sizes for children and adolescents with GAD have been published. Preliminary data support the potential efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, buspirone, and high-potency benzodiazepines. Adequately powered, controlled, pharmacologic treatment trials are necessary. Future research should be directed toward comparing the relative efficacy of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and both in the treatment of GAD in youth.
患有广泛性焦虑症的儿童和青少年会遭受过度、普遍的担忧，这些担忧会干扰社交、学业和家庭功能。与其他焦虑症和重度抑郁症的共病率很高。病程往往呈慢性，有证据表明青少年期和成年期的焦虑症之间存在连续性。个体和团体认知行为疗法以及纳入家庭焦虑管理训练已证明对治疗儿童广泛性焦虑症有效。尚未发表针对患有广泛性焦虑症的儿童和青少年且样本量充足的双盲、安慰剂对照药物治疗试验。初步数据支持选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、丁螺环酮和高效苯二氮䓬类药物的潜在疗效。有足够效力的对照药物治疗试验是必要的。未来的研究应致力于比较心理治疗、药物治疗以及两者联合治疗青少年广泛性焦虑症的相对疗效。
