Lewis J C, Daunert S
Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0055, USA.
Fresenius J Anal Chem. 2000 Mar-Apr;366(6-7):760-8. doi: 10.1007/s002160051570.
Certain marine organisms produce calcium-activated photoproteins that allow them to emit light for a variety of purposes, such as defense, feeding, breeding, etc. Even though there are many bioluminescent organisms in nature, only a few photoproteins have been isolated and characterized. The mechanism of emission of light in the blue region is the result of an internal chemical reaction. Because there is no need for excitation through external irradiation for the emission of bioluminescence, the signal produced has virtually no background. This allows for the detection of the proteins at extremely low levels, making these photoproteins attractive labels for analytical applications. In that regard, the use of certain photoproteins, namely, aequorin, obelin, and the green fluorescent protein as labels in the design and development of binding assays for biomolecules has been reviewed. In addition, a related fluorescent photoprotein, the green fluorescent protein (GFP), has been recently employed in bioanalysis. The use of GFP in binding assays is also discussed in this review.
某些海洋生物会产生钙激活光蛋白，使它们能够出于多种目的发光，例如防御、觅食、繁殖等。尽管自然界中有许多生物发光生物，但只有少数光蛋白被分离和鉴定出来。蓝色区域的发光机制是内部化学反应的结果。由于生物发光的发射无需外部照射激发，因此产生的信号几乎没有背景。这使得能够在极低水平下检测这些蛋白质，使这些光蛋白成为分析应用中具有吸引力的标记物。在这方面，本文综述了某些光蛋白，即水母发光蛋白、海肾荧光素酶和绿色荧光蛋白在生物分子结合测定的设计和开发中作为标记物的应用。此外，一种相关的荧光光蛋白，即绿色荧光蛋白（GFP），最近已被用于生物分析。本文还讨论了GFP在结合测定中的应用。
