McQuate G T, Peck S L
U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Crop Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2001 Feb;94(1):39-46. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.39.
Male lures are known for many tephritid fruit fly species and are often preferred over food bait based traps for detection trapping because of their high specificity and ability to attract flies over a wide area. Alpha-ionol has been identified as a male lure for the tephritid fruit fly Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel). The attraction of this compound to male B. latifrons individuals, however, is not as strong as is the attraction of other tephritid fruit fly species to their respective male lures. Cade oil, an essential oil produced by destructive distillation of juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus L.) twigs, synergizes the attraction of alpha-ionol to male B. latifrons. Catches of male B. latifrons at traps baited with a mixture of alpha-ionol and cade oil were more than three times greater than at traps baited with alpha-ionol alone. Substitution of alpha-ionol + cade oil for alpha-ionol alone in detection programs could considerably improve the chance of detecting invading or incipient populations of B. latifrons. However, detection programs should not rely solely on this lure but also make use of protein baited traps as well as fruit collections. Further work with fractions of cade oil may help to identify the active ingredient(s), which could help to further improve this male lure for B. latifrons.
许多实蝇科果蝇种类都有雄性引诱剂，由于其高特异性以及在广泛区域吸引果蝇的能力，在检测诱捕中，雄性引诱剂通常比食物诱饵诱捕器更受青睐。α-紫罗兰醇已被确定为实蝇科果蝇宽额果实蝇（Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel)）的雄性引诱剂。然而，这种化合物对宽额果实蝇雄性个体的吸引力不如其他实蝇科果蝇种类对其各自雄性引诱剂的吸引力强。刺柏油是通过对杜松（Juniperus oxycedrus L.）嫩枝进行破坏性蒸馏产生的一种精油，它能增强α-紫罗兰醇对宽额果实蝇雄性的吸引力。用α-紫罗兰醇和刺柏油混合物作为诱饵的诱捕器捕获的宽额果实蝇雄性数量比仅用α-紫罗兰醇作为诱饵的诱捕器多三倍以上。在检测计划中，用α-紫罗兰醇 + 刺柏油替代单独的α-紫罗兰醇可以显著提高检测到入侵或初期宽额果实蝇种群的几率。然而，检测计划不应仅依赖这种引诱剂，还应使用蛋白质诱饵诱捕器以及水果采集方法。对刺柏油馏分的进一步研究可能有助于确定其活性成分，这有助于进一步改进这种针对宽额果实蝇的雄性引诱剂。
