Interstitial cells of Cajal: is their role in gastrointestinal function in view of therapeutic perspectives underestimated or exaggerated?

This manuscript reviews the current views on morphology and function of the distinct subpopulations of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the digestive tract and their interrelationships with surrounding cells. Three different functions have been postulated so far, i.e. a pacemaker role, a mediator in enteric excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission and a mechanosensor. Attention will also be paid to the interstitial cells of Cajal and their possible involvement in pathophysiological conditions. Finally, perspectives for interstitial cells of Cajal as targets for therapeutic intervention will be discussed.