Hagemann R, Boerner T, Herrmann F, Knoth R
Sov J Dev Biol. 1975 May;5(3):236-44.
We conducted comparative biochemical and electron-microscopic studies of several types of plastome and nuclear mutants of Antirrhinum majus and Pelargonium zonale. It was shown that specific blocking of the photosynthetic reaction occurs in plastome mutants of A. majus; Photosystem II was found to be damaged in the en:alba-1 mutant and photo-system I was affected in the en:viridis-1 mutant. The plastid mutations in these mutants caused loss of certain soluble lamellar proteins and pigment--protein complexes or a reduction in their content, which led to disappearance of photosynthetic activity. When the content of high-molecular ribosomal RNA in the leaves of normal and mutant P. zonale plants was compared, the normal plants were found to have four types of RNA: two types of cytoplasmic-ribosome RNA and two types of plastid-ribosome RNA. No plastid-ribosome RNA was detected in the mutant. These results were confirmed by electron-microscopic examination: no ribosomes were detected in the mutant plastids. Thus, use of plastome mutants made it possible to establish that the genetic information concentrated in the plastid DNA controls formation of ribosomes and lamellae in the chloroplasts and thus affects chloroplast photosynthetic function.
我们对金鱼草和天竺葵的几种质体基因组和核突变体进行了比较生化和电子显微镜研究。结果表明，金鱼草的质体基因组突变体中发生了光合作用反应的特异性阻断；在en:alba - 1突变体中发现光系统II受损，而在en:viridis - 1突变体中光系统I受到影响。这些突变体中的质体突变导致某些可溶性片层蛋白和色素 - 蛋白复合物丢失或其含量减少，从而导致光合活性消失。当比较正常和突变天竺葵植物叶片中高分子量核糖体RNA的含量时，发现正常植物有四种类型的RNA：两种细胞质核糖体RNA和两种质体核糖体RNA。在突变体中未检测到质体核糖体RNA。电子显微镜检查证实了这些结果：在突变体质体中未检测到核糖体。因此，利用质体基因组突变体有可能确定集中在质体DNA中的遗传信息控制叶绿体中核糖体和片层的形成，从而影响叶绿体的光合功能。
