Validation of daily otolith increments in glass-phase American eels Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur) during estuarine residency.

Prior to making inferences from otoliths about the residence time and growth rate of glass-phase anguillid eels Anguilla in estuaries, it is necessary to validate the deposition rate of microincrements in the otoliths. Glass-phase American eels Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur), which had been captured near the mouth of an estuary in Maine, USA, prior to freshwater exposure, deposited increments at a daily rate at ambient temperature and salinity in a field and laboratory study. The regression for glass eels not possessing a transition ring was: I=0.976(D-1)+0.434, where I is the number of otolith increments distal to a fluorescent mark placed on the otolith at the beginning of the experiment, and D is the number of days in the experiment, which ranged from 7 to 49. The slope was not significantly different than 1. Unexpectedly, many glass eels deposited the transition ring during the experiment, although this ring had previously been thought to mark entry into fresh water. The regression for these glass eels was: I=0.961(D-1)-3.880, and the slope was not significantly different than 1. The negative intercept suggests that approximately 4 days were lost from the otolith record during deposition of the ring. This study demonstrated daily deposition of increments prior to freshwater exposure and demonstrated that deposition of the transition ring is not linked to freshwater entry.