Yang Huiping, Zhang Fusui, Guo Ximing
Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2000 Sep;2(5):466-475. doi: 10.1007/pl00021688.
Triploid scallops are valuable for aquaculture because of their enlarged adductor muscle, and tetraploids are important for the commercial production of triploids. We tested tetraploid induction in the zhikong scallop by inhibiting polar body I in newly fertilized eggs. The ploidy of resultant embryos was determined by chromosome counting at 2- to 4-cell stage and by flow cytometry thereafter. Embryos from the control groups were mostly diploids (79%), along with some aneuploids. Embryos from the treated groups were 13% diploids, 18% triploids, 26% tetraploids, 13% pentaploids, and 36% aneuploids. Tetraploids, pentaploids, and most aneuploids suffered heavy mortality during the first week and became undetectable among the larvae at day 14. Five tetraploids (2%) were found among a sample of 267 spat from one of the replicates, and none was detected at day 450. The adductor muscle of triploid scallops was 44% heavier (P <.01) than that of diploids, confirming the value of the triploid technology in this species.
三倍体扇贝因其闭壳肌增大而对水产养殖具有重要价值，四倍体对于三倍体的商业化生产至关重要。我们通过抑制新受精卵中的第一极体来测试栉孔扇贝四倍体的诱导情况。通过在2至4细胞阶段进行染色体计数以及此后的流式细胞术来确定所得胚胎的倍性。对照组的胚胎大多为二倍体（79%），还有一些非整倍体。处理组的胚胎中二倍体占13%，三倍体占18%，四倍体占26%，五倍体占13%，非整倍体占36%。四倍体、五倍体和大多数非整倍体在第一周内死亡率很高，到第14天时在幼虫中已检测不到。在其中一个重复样本的267个稚贝中发现了5个四倍体（2%），在第450天时未检测到四倍体。三倍体扇贝的闭壳肌比二倍体重44%（P <.01），证实了三倍体技术在该物种中的价值。
