Edwards K A, Pryor S, Campbell J, Jacobsen S, Booton-Hiser D
College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
J Cult Divers. 2000 Summer;7(2):36-40.
Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of death among American Indians and obesity and physical inactivity are modifiable risk factors in the development of type 2 diabetes. Physical activity may have both a preventive effect and a secondary preventive effect of lessening insulin resistance in persons with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, for some individuals participation in daily regimens of physical activity is very difficult. Culture-specific physical activity may be an intervention to reduce obesity and prevent diabetes-related complications. Therefore, the research questions for this study were: (1) What is the body fat percentage of diabetic and non-diabetic Mskoke Indians?, (2) How does body fat percentage of Mvskoke Indians compare with recommended percentages for age and gender?, (3) What is the caloric use of Mvskoke Indians during daily and traditional cultural activities of dancing and stickball?, and (4) Are there relationships among body fat percentage, calorie use, gender, and diabetic status? The findings revealed that female diabetics' percentage of body fat in three age cohorts (40-49, 50-59, and 70+) was higher than that of non-diabetic females. By contrast, male diabetics had lower percentage of body fat than non-diabetic males. The actual mean percentage of body fat of the female participants ranged from 38.5% to 44%, roughly twice the standard recommended percentages of body fat of 20-24%. No significant difference was found in calorie use by gender or diabetic status. Analysis of calories during traditional activities revealed that 30 minutes of stickball used an average of 135.7 calories. Dancing for 33 minutes used an average of 149 calories. No significant relationship was found among percentage of body fat, caloric use, gender, and diabetic status.
2型糖尿病是美国印第安人死亡的主要原因，肥胖和缺乏身体活动是2型糖尿病发展过程中可改变的风险因素。身体活动可能对2型糖尿病患者既有预防作用，又有减轻胰岛素抵抗的二级预防作用。此外，对于一些人来说，参与日常体育活动非常困难。针对特定文化的体育活动可能是一种减少肥胖和预防糖尿病相关并发症的干预措施。因此，本研究的研究问题是：（1）患有糖尿病和未患糖尿病的马斯柯克印第安人的体脂百分比是多少？（2）马斯柯克印第安人的体脂百分比与按年龄和性别推荐的百分比相比如何？（3）马斯柯克印第安人在日常和传统的舞蹈和棍网球文化活动中的热量消耗是多少？（4）体脂百分比、热量消耗、性别和糖尿病状态之间是否存在关系？研究结果显示，在三个年龄组（40 - 49岁、50 - 59岁和70岁以上）中，女性糖尿病患者的体脂百分比高于非糖尿病女性。相比之下，男性糖尿病患者的体脂百分比低于非糖尿病男性。女性参与者的实际平均体脂百分比在38.5%至44%之间，大约是标准推荐体脂百分比20 - 24%的两倍。在热量消耗方面，未发现性别或糖尿病状态之间存在显著差异。对传统活动中的热量分析显示，30分钟的棍网球平均消耗135.7卡路里。跳舞33分钟平均消耗149卡路里。在体脂百分比、热量消耗、性别和糖尿病状态之间未发现显著关系。
