Serban G
Br J Psychiatry. 1975 May;126:397-407. doi: 10.1192/bjp.126.5.397.
This paper presents findings related to the measure of stress in 641 schizophrenics(125 acutes and 516 chronics) and 95 comparable normals. Stress was defined as an imbalance between environmental demands and the respondent's ability to meet that demand successfully, and was measured in terms of level of stress experienced in relation to specific problem situations. Twenty-one dimensions of stress were measured, subsumed under thefollowing four general areas: social performance, family interaction, social interpersonal interaction, and social maladaptive activities. Results indicated that, in general,normals experience significantly less stress in dealing with life events than do schizophrenics. Within the schizophrenic group, the pseudoambulatory chronic patients evidenced more stress than did their acute counterparts, a finding not previously described in the literature. Implications of these findings do not support the present community after-care concepts. Discharged chronic schizophrenics appear unable to remain in the community for any reasonable period of time because of the high level of stress under which they function.
本文呈现了有关641名精神分裂症患者（125名急性患者和516名慢性患者）以及95名可比的正常人的压力测量结果。压力被定义为环境需求与应答者成功满足该需求的能力之间的失衡，并根据与特定问题情境相关的压力水平来衡量。测量了21个压力维度，这些维度归入以下四个一般领域：社会表现、家庭互动、社会人际互动和社会适应不良活动。结果表明，总体而言，正常人在应对生活事件时所经历的压力明显小于精神分裂症患者。在精神分裂症患者组中，假性行走慢性患者比急性患者表现出更多压力，这一发现此前在文献中未曾描述。这些发现的意义并不支持当前的社区后续护理概念。由于慢性精神分裂症患者在其运作时承受的压力水平较高，出院后他们似乎无法在社区中停留任何合理的时间。
