Murray A, Spears N
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, UK.
Semin Reprod Med. 2000;18(2):109-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-12550.
There has been tremendous interest in recent years in the culture of oocytes and follicles. Although much of the research using follicle culture aims to increase understanding of the regulation of follicle development, an important goal has been to develop a method that will eventually allow maturation of human oocytes from the primordial follicle to the mature Graafian stage. We are still some way from this at present, although it has now been achieved in the mouse. In this article, we consider various methods of follicle culture for primordial, preantral, and antral follicles. In vitro development of primordial follicles has used primarily whole ovaries or ovarian fragments as a source of follicles. Culture of later stages of follicle development uses mainly isolated follicular units, either whole (with an intact basement membrane and, in some cases, attached thecal cells) or nonintact (oocyte-somatic cell complexes, which may or may not have remnants of basement membranes and/or thecal cells attached).
近年来，人们对卵母细胞和卵泡的培养产生了浓厚兴趣。尽管许多使用卵泡培养的研究旨在增进对卵泡发育调控的理解，但一个重要目标是开发一种最终能使人类卵母细胞从原始卵泡发育至成熟格拉夫卵泡阶段的方法。目前我们距离这一目标仍有一段距离，不过在小鼠身上已实现了这一点。在本文中，我们探讨了针对原始卵泡、窦前卵泡和窦卵泡的各种卵泡培养方法。原始卵泡的体外发育主要使用整个卵巢或卵巢片段作为卵泡来源。卵泡发育后期的培养主要使用分离的卵泡单位，包括完整的（具有完整基底膜，在某些情况下还附着有卵泡膜细胞）或不完整的（卵母细胞 - 体细胞复合体，可能附着或未附着基底膜和/或卵泡膜细胞的残余部分）。
