Bowns L
School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Perception. 2001;30(1):9-19. doi: 10.1068/p3138.
Current dominant hypotheses of how humans detect the movement of patterns assume that the pattern is divided into one-dimensional sinusoidally varying luminance patterns, referred to as gratings (first-order components). The speed of these gratings is independently encoded from predominantly spatial and temporal frequency information, and their direction is encoded from orientation information. This paper addresses the problem of how the individually encoded grating information is combined to give perceived pattern direction, given that real moving objects are generally made up of more than one component. More specifically, further evidence is presented for a combination based on the use of a feature derived from first-order components--'first-order feature hypothesis'. This hypothesis essentially implements a constraint on pattern direction called the intersection of constraints (IOC) proposed by Adelson and Movshon [1982, Nature 300 523-525]. A simulation of the model is used to make three new predictions about a perceived motion reversal reported by Derrington et al (1992, Vision Research 32 699-707); these predictions are tested and found to be consistent with the first-order feature hypothesis.
当前关于人类如何检测图案运动的主流假设认为，图案被划分为一维正弦变化的亮度图案，即所谓的光栅（一阶分量）。这些光栅的速度主要从空间和时间频率信息中独立编码，其方向则从方向信息中编码。鉴于真实的移动物体通常由多个分量组成，本文探讨了如何将单独编码的光栅信息组合起来以给出感知到的图案方向这一问题。更具体地说，本文提供了进一步的证据来支持基于使用从一阶分量派生的特征进行组合的观点——“一阶特征假设”。该假设本质上对图案方向实施了一种约束，即由阿德尔森和莫夫尚 [1982年，《自然》300 523 - 525] 提出的约束交集（IOC）。该模型的一个模拟被用于对德林顿等人（1992年，《视觉研究》32 699 - 707）所报告的感知运动反转做出三个新的预测；这些预测经过测试，发现与一阶特征假设一致。
