Bauchinger M, Braselmann H, Savage J R, Natarajan A T, Terzoudi G I, Pantelias G E, Darroudi F, Figgitt M, Griffin C S, Knehr S, Okladnikova N D, Santos S, Snigiryova G
GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Radiobiology, Neuherberg, Germany.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2001 Mar;77(3):259-67. doi: 10.1080/09553000010018693.
To investigate within the framework of a multilaboratory study the suitability of FISH chromosome painting to measure so-called stable translocations in peripheral lymphocytes of Mayak nuclear-industrial workers (from the Southern Urals) and their use for retrospective biodosimetry.
Chromosime analyses were carried out from 69 workers who had received protracted occupational radiation exposures (0.012-6.065 Gy) up to approximately 40 years before blood sampling. Twenty-one unexposed people living in the same area were controls. A multicolour FISH-painting protocol with the target chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 simultaneously with a pancentromeric probe was used to score potentially transmissible chromosome-type aberrations (reciprocal translocations 2B and related 'one-way' patterns I-III according to the S&S classification).
Individual biodosimetry estimates were obtained in terms of these potentially long-term surviving aberration types based on the linear component of a low dose-rate gamma-ray calibration curve produced using identical staining and scoring protocols. For comparison, the workers personal and total background doses were converted to red bone marrow doses. The estimated doses were mainly lower than would be predicted by the calibration curve, particularly at accumulated higher dose levels.
Owing to the limited life-time of circulating T-lymphocytes, the long-term persistence of translocations in vivo requires the assumption of a clonal repopulation of these naturally senescing cells from the haemopoietic stem cell compartments. Obviously such a replacement cannot be fully achieved, leading to a temporal decline even of the yield of transmissible aberrations types. Assuming further a highly selective capacity of stem cells against any type of chromosomal damage and the fact that one must rely on partial genome findings, the potential of FISH chromosome painting for retrospective dose reconstruction is probably limited to a decade or so after high-level protracted radiation exposure.
在一项多实验室研究的框架内，调查荧光原位杂交（FISH）染色体描绘技术用于测量玛雅克核工业工人（来自南乌拉尔地区）外周淋巴细胞中所谓稳定易位的适用性及其在回顾性生物剂量测定中的应用。
对69名在采血前约40年接受过长期职业性辐射暴露（0.012 - 6.065 Gy）的工人进行染色体分析。21名居住在同一地区的未受辐射者作为对照。使用一种多色FISH描绘方案，同时对目标染色体1、4和8以及一个全着丝粒探针进行检测，以对潜在可传递的染色体型畸变（根据S&S分类法的相互易位2B及相关的“单向”模式I - III）进行评分。
根据使用相同染色和评分方案生成的低剂量率γ射线校准曲线的线性成分，就这些潜在长期存活的畸变类型获得了个体生物剂量测定估计值。为作比较，将工人的个人和总背景剂量转换为红骨髓剂量。估计剂量主要低于校准曲线的预测值，尤其是在累积较高剂量水平时。
由于循环T淋巴细胞的寿命有限，易位在体内的长期持续存在需要假定这些自然衰老的细胞从造血干细胞区室进行克隆性再增殖。显然，这样的替代无法完全实现，甚至导致可传递畸变类型的产量随时间下降。进一步假设干细胞对任何类型的染色体损伤具有高度选择性能力，以及必须依赖部分基因组发现这一事实，FISH染色体描绘技术用于回顾性剂量重建的潜力可能仅限于高水平长期辐射暴露后的大约十年。
