Hoofien D, Gilboa A, Vakil E, Donovick P J
The National Institute for the Rehabilitation of the Brain Injured, Israel.
Brain Inj. 2001 Mar;15(3):189-209. doi: 10.1080/026990501300005659.
The goal of this study was to measure the very long-term mental and psychosocial outcomes of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Seventy-six persons with severe TBI were evaluated extensively by means of standardized scales, neuropsychological tests and evaluations by family members, at an average of 14.1 (SD = 5.5) years post-injury. Six mental and functional domains were examined: psychiatric symptomatology, cognitive abilities, vocational status, family integration, social functioning, and independence in daily routines. The findings indicate a long-term differential effect of severe TBI, with seriously affected psychiatric symptomatology, family and social domains, as compared to moderately influenced cognitive, vocational and independent functioning. Relatively high rates of depression, psychomotor slowness, loneliness and family members' sense of burden were found. In addition to their epidemiological importance, the results indicate that persons with TBI and their families may need professional assistance to maintain a reasonable psychosocial quality of life, even more than a decade post-injury.
本研究的目的是测量重度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的长期心理和社会心理后果。76名重度TBI患者在受伤后平均14.1年（标准差=5.5）接受了标准化量表、神经心理学测试以及家庭成员评估等广泛评估。研究考察了六个心理和功能领域：精神症状、认知能力、职业状况、家庭融合、社会功能以及日常生活独立性。研究结果表明，重度TBI具有长期的差异效应，与认知、职业和独立功能受到中度影响相比，精神症状、家庭和社会领域受到严重影响。研究发现抑郁症、精神运动迟缓、孤独感以及家庭成员负担感的发生率相对较高。除了具有流行病学意义外，研究结果还表明，即使在受伤十多年后，TBI患者及其家人可能仍需要专业帮助来维持合理的社会心理生活质量。
