Girgis F G, Marshall J L, Monajem A
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975 Jan-Feb(106):216-31. doi: 10.1097/00003086-197501000-00033.
The anatomical and functional details of the cruciate ligamants of the knee were studied on 20 cadaver knees and 24 fresh knees. Each anterior cruciate ligament was found to consist of 2 parts: a distinct anteromedial band (AMB) and a main posterolateral part. The exact geometry of the ligaments and their relationship to bony landmarks were recorded in detail. The state of the cruciate ligaments, i.e. tightness or looseness was recorded in the various positions of the knee as the basis for classification of the function of the various anatomical components. Selective cutting of the anterior cruciate ligament resulted in an increase of anterior drawer flexion and extension. External and internal rotation were increased in both flexion and extionsion. Hyperextension also was increased. It is suggested that the AMB of the anterior cruciate is responsible for the in anteroposterior drawer with flexion. The selective cutting of the posterior cruciate ligament demonstrated that it is important in the flexed knee and produces an.increased posterior drawer sign. Rotational stability was unchanged in extension, but altered in flexion after cutting the posterior cruciate.
对20个尸体膝关节和24个新鲜膝关节进行了膝关节交叉韧带的解剖和功能细节研究。发现每条前交叉韧带均由两部分组成：一条明显的前内侧束（AMB）和一个主要的后外侧部分。详细记录了韧带的确切几何形状及其与骨性标志的关系。记录膝关节不同位置时交叉韧带的状态，即紧张或松弛状态，作为对各种解剖成分功能进行分类的依据。选择性切断前交叉韧带导致屈伸时前抽屉试验增加。内外旋转在屈伸时均增加。过伸也增加。提示前交叉韧带的前内侧束在屈膝时对前后抽屉试验起作用。选择性切断后交叉韧带表明，它在屈膝时很重要，并产生后抽屉试验阳性增加。伸直时旋转稳定性不变，但切断后交叉韧带后屈膝时旋转稳定性改变。
