Viscoli C, Dimitri P, Di Domenico S, Mannelli S, Dodi F, Veroni L
Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova.
Recenti Prog Med. 2001 Jan;92(1):16-31.
The impact of infections in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is remarkable. Studies have shown that about 60% of patient may develop at least 1 infectious episode during the first 3 months after transplant. Within the frame of a Finalized Research Project of the Italian Ministry of Health, during the year 2000 a group of investigators belonging to the major Italian Liver Transplant Centers (LTC)--18 out of 20 Centers--met three times in Genoa with the aim of constituting a Research Group aimed at improving our knowledge of infectious complications in liver transplant recipients (PITF = Program of Infections in Liver Transplantation). The group first collected information about anti-infective procedure in LTC. The study shows that no Center is supported by a Intensive Care Unit (ICU) exclusively dedicated to the LTC, although 37% of them have a partially dedicated Unit. Surveillance cultures are routinely performed and are frequently used to address the choice of the antibacterial and antifungal regimes. Selective Bowel Decontamination is also very common. The management of CMV infection is usually performed as indicated in international guidelines.
感染在原位肝移植（OLT）中的影响显著。研究表明，约60%的患者在移植后的前3个月内可能至少发生1次感染事件。在意大利卫生部的一项最终研究项目框架内，2000年，一群来自意大利主要肝移植中心（LTC）的研究人员——20个中心中的18个——在热那亚会面了三次，目的是组建一个研究小组，旨在增进我们对肝移植受者感染并发症的了解（PITF = 肝移植感染项目）。该小组首先收集了LTC中抗感染程序的信息。研究表明，没有一个中心得到专门为LTC设立的重症监护病房（ICU）的支持，尽管其中37%有部分专用病房。监测培养常规进行，并且经常用于指导抗菌和抗真菌治疗方案的选择。选择性肠道去污也很常见。巨细胞病毒感染的管理通常按照国际指南进行。
