Hoff T H, Whitcomb W F, Williams K, Nelson J R, Cheesman R A
Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Pl, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 2001 Mar 26;161(6):851-8. doi: 10.1001/archinte.161.6.851.
Little is known about the personal characteristics, work-related attitudes, or professional experiences of hospitalists. In considering the future of hospital medicine as a viable career choice for physicians (primarily, internists), these issues should be examined in a systematic fashion. Learning more about hospitalists and their work can enhance dialogue about the advantages and shortcomings of such a career from the perspective of the individual physician.
A self-administered mail survey was sent to 820 hospitalists who are dues-paying members of the National Association of Inpatient Physicians and who spend 50% or more of their time doing clinical work, teaching, or research related to hospital medicine. Attitudes about topics such as job-related burnout and job satisfaction were tapped, as well as information about different professional and social experiences. The analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance techniques.
Analysis was based on 393 responses (48% response rate). Results show hospitalists to be a group of younger, mostly male, early-career individuals with high levels of job satisfaction and autonomy, low levels of burnout, and a long-term commitment to remaining in the role. Hospital medicine is a source of positive social and professional work experiences related to interactions with physician peers, patients and their families, and nonphysician hospital coworkers. Key components of hospitalists' jobs, practices, and workload are coalescing. However, certain developments, such as changing patterns of compensation and the enlisting of more general internists and women as hospitalists, merit further examination.
The results offer insight into the physicians who are becoming hospitalists, the jobs and settings in which they work, and how hospitalists experience their everyday work lives. Valuable baseline data are provided for assessment of attitudes, such as burnout, that should be examined regularly in this fledgling group. This study complements research looking at the performance-related outcomes of hospitalists, and it can be used by various stakeholders to better understand and assess the long-term potential of what is being proposed as a new career path.
对于住院医师的个人特征、工作态度或职业经历，人们了解甚少。在将医院医学视为医生（主要是内科医生）可行的职业选择来考虑其未来时，应以系统的方式审视这些问题。更多地了解住院医师及其工作，能够从个体医生的角度加强关于这一职业优缺点的对话。
向820名住院医师发送了一份自行填写的邮件调查问卷，这些住院医师是美国住院医师协会的付费会员，且将50%或更多时间用于与医院医学相关的临床工作、教学或研究。调查涉及了诸如工作倦怠和工作满意度等主题的态度，以及不同职业和社会经历的信息。分析采用描述性统计和方差分析技术。
基于393份回复（回复率为48%）进行分析。结果显示，住院医师群体较为年轻，大多为男性，处于职业生涯早期，工作满意度和自主性较高，倦怠程度较低，且长期致力于该岗位。医院医学是与医师同行、患者及其家属以及医院非医师同事互动相关的积极社会和职业工作经历的来源。住院医师工作、实践和工作量的关键要素正在融合。然而，某些发展情况，如薪酬模式的变化以及更多普通内科医生和女性成为住院医师，值得进一步研究。
研究结果为正在成为住院医师的医生、他们工作的岗位和环境，以及住院医师如何体验其日常工作生活提供了见解。提供了有价值的基线数据，用于评估诸如倦怠等态度，而这些态度应在这个新兴群体中定期进行审视。本研究补充了关于住院医师与绩效相关结果的研究，可供各类利益相关者用于更好地理解和评估作为一种新职业道路所提议内容的长期潜力。
