Morrell-Bellai T, Goering P N, Boydell K M
Health Systems Research Unit, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Clarke Division, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2000 Sep;21(6):581-604. doi: 10.1080/01612840050110290.
This article reports the qualitative findings of a multimethod study of the homeless population in Toronto, Canada. The qualitative component sought to identify how people become homeless and why some individuals remain homeless for an extended period of time or cycle in and out of homelessness (the chronically homeless). In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with 29 homeless adults. The findings suggest that people both become and remain homeless due to a combination of macro level factors (poverty, lack of employment, low welfare wages, lack of affordable housing) and personal vulnerability (childhood abuse or neglect, mental health symptoms, impoverished support networks, substance abuse). Chronically homeless individuals often reported experiences of severe childhood trauma and tended to attribute their continued homelessness to a substance abuse problem. It is concluded that both macro and individual level factors must be considered in planning programs and services to address the issue of homelessness in Canada.
本文报告了一项针对加拿大多伦多无家可归者群体的多方法研究的定性研究结果。定性研究部分旨在确定人们如何变得无家可归，以及为何有些人长期无家可归或在无家可归状态中循环反复（即长期无家可归者）。对29名无家可归的成年人进行了深入的半结构化访谈。研究结果表明，人们变得无家可归并持续处于这种状态，是宏观层面因素（贫困、缺乏就业、福利工资低、缺乏经济适用房）和个人脆弱性（童年受虐待或被忽视、心理健康问题、支持网络匮乏、药物滥用）共同作用的结果。长期无家可归者经常报告有严重的童年创伤经历，并倾向于将他们持续无家可归归因于药物滥用问题。研究得出结论，在规划解决加拿大无家可归问题的项目和服务时，必须同时考虑宏观和个人层面的因素。
