Syndrome X following renal transplantation.

The cardiovascular risk factors that accompany postrenal transplantation include an atherogenic lipid profile, hypertension, new-onset diabetes mellitus, and a chronic prothrombotic state. This picture describes the dysmetabolic syndrome or syndrome X, which can significantly aggravate not only the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in this population, but also the progression of allograft dysfunction. The recognition and aggressive management of the dysmetabolic syndrome in postrenal allograft recipients may have a favorable impact on the incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients and prolong allograft function.