Gao J, Tang S
Centre for Health Statistics and Information, Ministry of Health, China.
World Hosp Health Serv. 2000;36(3):23-6, 36, 38.
The transformation from a planned economy to a market-oriented one in China has had profound impact on access to health care for a vast majority of the Chinese population. This article used the data from the national household health surveys conducted in 1993 and 1998 to show that the coverage of health insurance declined significantly from 54% to 39% among the urban population over the period, while rate of hospital admission came down from 45 inpatients per 1,000 people in 1992 to 30 inpatients per 1,000 people in 1997. It concludes that the declined coverage of health insurance and the rapid rise of medical care costs were the major factors affecting the access of the Chinese population to hospital care services.
中国从计划经济向市场经济的转型对绝大多数中国人口获得医疗保健服务产生了深远影响。本文利用1993年和1998年全国家庭健康调查的数据表明，在此期间城市人口的医疗保险覆盖率从54%大幅下降至39%，而住院率则从1992年每千人45例住院患者降至1997年每千人30例住院患者。研究得出结论，医疗保险覆盖率下降和医疗费用的迅速上涨是影响中国人口获得医院护理服务的主要因素。
