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用于老年患者下颌全口义齿固位的耻骨联合单牙种植体:临床报告

The symphyseal single-tooth implant for anchorage of a mandibular complete denture in geriatric patients: a clinical report.

作者信息

Krennmair G, Ulm C

机构信息

Dental School, University of Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2001 Jan-Feb;16(1):98-104.

Abstract

Little information exists to define the minimum number of implants required for sufficient anchorage of mandibular overdentures. To date, 2 implants placed in the interforaminal region have been considered the minimum. The aim of this study was to examine whether a single symphyseal implant would suffice for adequate anchorage of a mandibular complete denture in elderly patients (octogenarians), and whether this surgically, prosthetically, and financially simple concept would also satisfy patients needing replacement of the mandibular dentition. Nine patients with a mean age of 82.2 years underwent placement of a single symphyseal endosseous implant and anchorage of a complete denture using a ball attachment. Standardized recall examinations, including patient response and inspections of the peri-implant soft tissue and bone conditions, were carried out at 3- to 6-month intervals for a period of 1 1/2 years. It was found that anchorage with a single implant led to both a significant improvement in patients' subjective satisfaction (P < .01) and a significant reduction in reported symptoms (P < .01). During the observation phase, pocket depth and bone resorption initially increased around implants but stabilized after the sixth month. Denture management (placement and removal) also improved during the recall period (P < .01). The results of this study indicate that oral rehabilitation by mandibular complete dentures anchored on a single implant can be considered an economical therapeutic alternative to a conventional mandibular complete denture for very old (octogenarian) patients.

摘要

关于确定下颌覆盖义齿获得足够固位所需的最小种植体数量的信息很少。迄今为止,放置在双侧颏孔间区域的2枚种植体被认为是最小数量。本研究的目的是检验单枚耻骨联合部种植体是否足以在下颌全口义齿的老年患者(八旬老人)中提供足够的固位,以及这种在手术、修复和经济方面都很简单的概念是否也能满足需要更换下颌牙列的患者。9名平均年龄为82.2岁的患者接受了单枚耻骨联合部骨内种植体的植入,并使用球帽附着体来固位全口义齿。在1年半的时间里,每隔3至6个月进行标准化的复诊检查,包括患者反馈以及种植体周围软组织和骨状况的检查。结果发现,单枚种植体固位使患者的主观满意度有显著提高(P < .01),且报告的症状显著减少(P < .01)。在观察期内,种植体周围的袋深度和骨吸收最初有所增加,但在第六个月后趋于稳定。在复诊期间,义齿的处理(佩戴和取下)也有所改善(P < .01)。本研究结果表明,对于非常年老(八旬老人)的患者,采用单枚种植体固位的下颌全口义齿进行口腔修复可被视为一种比传统下颌全口义齿更经济的治疗选择。

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