Soreq H, Seidman S
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001 Apr;2(4):294-302. doi: 10.1038/35067589.
The discovery of the first neurotransmitter--acetylcholine--was soon followed by the discovery of its hydrolysing enzyme, acetylcholinesterase. The role of acetylcholinesterase in terminating acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission made it the focus of intense research for much of the past century. But the complexity of acetylcholinesterase gene regulation and recent evidence for some of the long-suspected 'non-classical' actions of this enzyme have more recently driven a profound revolution in acetylcholinesterase research. Although our understanding of the additional roles of acetylcholinesterase is incomplete, the time is ripe to summarize the evidence on a remarkable diversity of acetylcholinesterase functions.
第一种神经递质——乙酰胆碱——被发现后不久，其水解酶乙酰胆碱酯酶也被发现。乙酰胆碱酯酶在终止乙酰胆碱介导的神经传递中的作用使其成为过去一个世纪大部分时间里深入研究的焦点。但乙酰胆碱酯酶基因调控的复杂性以及该酶一些长期以来备受怀疑的“非经典”作用的最新证据，最近推动了乙酰胆碱酯酶研究的深刻变革。尽管我们对乙酰胆碱酯酶其他作用的理解并不完整，但总结关于乙酰胆碱酯酶功能显著多样性的证据的时机已经成熟。
