Balaji L N, Dustagheer A
UNICEF, India Country Office, New Delhi.
J Indian Med Assoc. 2000 Sep;98(9):536-8, 542.
India has the highest prevalence (and largest share) of malnourished children, low birth weight babies and anaemia levels amongst children and women in the world. Other micronutrient deficiencies (vitamin A and iodine) also constitute serious public health problems. Various government schemes set up to combat these problems have not had the expected impact in reducing malnutrtion or micronutrient deficiencies. This is not only due to low utilisation or inadequacy of the schemes but also due to the population not adopting appropriate behaviours to improve their health and nutrition. Providing correct and timely technical advice on nutrition to their patients and their families is often given inadequate emphasis by medical practitioners. But when we know that malnutrition contributes to 55% of child mortality which has been stagnating in most states, medical practitioners, whose advice on health matters is very much heeded by the population, can play an important role in reversing this trend.
在全球范围内,印度营养不良儿童、低体重出生婴儿以及儿童和妇女贫血症的患病率最高(且占比最大)。其他微量营养素缺乏症(维生素A和碘缺乏症)也构成严重的公共卫生问题。为应对这些问题设立的各种政府计划,在减少营养不良或微量营养素缺乏方面并未产生预期影响。这不仅是因为这些计划的利用率低或存在不足,还因为民众没有采取适当行为来改善自身健康和营养状况。医生往往不够重视向患者及其家属提供正确且及时的营养技术建议。但是,当我们知道营养不良导致了55%的儿童死亡率(在大多数邦一直停滞不前)时,鉴于民众非常重视医生在健康问题上的建议,医生能够在扭转这一趋势方面发挥重要作用。