Riba J, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Urbano G, Morte A, Antonijoan R, Montero M, Callaway J C, Barbanoj M J
Area d'Investigació Farmacològica, Institut de Recerca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, St. Antoni Maria Claret, Barcelona, Spain.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Feb;154(1):85-95. doi: 10.1007/s002130000606.
Ayahuasca is a South American psychoactive beverage that contains the naturally occurring psychedelic agent N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). This "tea" has been used for centuries in religious and medicinal contexts in the rain forest areas of South America and is presently gaining the attention of psychedelic users in North America and Europe.
In the present study, the psychological effects and tolerability of ayvahuasca were assessed.
Three increasing doses of encapsulated freeze-dried ayahuasca (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mg DMT/kg body weight) were administered to six healthy male volunteers with prior experience in the use of this tea, in a single-blind crossover placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Ayahuasca produced significant dose-dependent increases in five of the six subscales of the Hallucinogen Rating Scale, in the LSD, MBG, and A scales of the Addiction Research Center Inventory, and in the "liking", "good effects" and "high" visual analogue scales. Psychological effects were first noted after 30-60 min, peaked between 60-120 min, and were resolved by 240 min. The tea was well tolerated from a cardiovascular point of view, with a trend toward increase for systolic blood pressure. Modified physical sensations and nausea were the most frequently reported somatic-dysphoric effects. The overall experience was regarded as pleasant and satisfactory by five of the six volunteers, while one volunteer experienced an intensely dysphoric reaction with transient disorientation and anxiety at the medium dose and voluntarily withdrew from the study.
Ayahuasca can be described as inducing changes in the perceptual, affective, cognitive, and somatic spheres, with a combination of stimulatory and visual psychoactive effects of longer duration and milder intensity than those previously reported for intravenously administered DMT.
阿亚瓦斯卡是一种南美洲的具有精神活性的饮料，含有天然存在的致幻剂N,N-二甲基色胺（DMT）。这种“茶”在南美洲雨林地区的宗教和医学背景下已使用了几个世纪，目前正引起北美和欧洲迷幻药使用者的关注。
在本研究中，评估了阿亚瓦斯卡的心理效应和耐受性。
在一项单盲交叉安慰剂对照临床试验中，对六名有使用这种茶经验的健康男性志愿者给予三种递增剂量的胶囊装冻干阿亚瓦斯卡（0.5、0.75和1.0毫克DMT/千克体重）。
阿亚瓦斯卡使幻觉评定量表六个子量表中的五个、成瘾研究中心量表的LSD、MBG和A量表以及“喜欢”、“良好效果”和“兴奋”视觉模拟量表出现显著的剂量依赖性增加。心理效应在30 - 60分钟后首次出现，在60 - 120分钟达到峰值，并在240分钟时消退。从心血管角度来看，这种茶耐受性良好，收缩压有升高趋势。身体感觉改变和恶心是最常报告的躯体不适效应。六名志愿者中有五名认为总体体验愉快且满意，而一名志愿者在中等剂量时经历了强烈的不适反应，伴有短暂的定向障碍和焦虑，随后自愿退出研究。
阿亚瓦斯卡可被描述为能引起感知、情感、认知和躯体方面的变化，其刺激和视觉精神活性效应的持续时间比先前报道的静脉注射DMT更长，强度更温和。
