Witvrouw E, Bellemans J, Lysens R, Danneels L, Cambier D
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gent, Belgium.
Am J Sports Med. 2001 Mar-Apr;29(2):190-5. doi: 10.1177/03635465010290021201.
Retrospective studies have suggested various factors that might cause a disposition to develop patellar tendinitis, but no prospective data exist to determine any relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the intrinsic risk factors for the development of patellar tendinitis in an athletic population. Before the study, 138 male and female students of physical education were evaluated for anthropometric variables, leg alignment characteristics, and muscle tightness and strength parameters. During the 2-year study, 19 of the 138 students developed patellar tendinitis. In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of a hypoechogenic nodular lesion in the proximal region of the patellar tendon. Univariate and stepwise discriminant function analyses were performed comparing the various measurements. These analyses revealed that the only significant determining factor was muscular flexibility, with the patellar tendinitis patients being less flexible in the quadriceps and hamstring muscles (P < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that lower flexibility of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles may contribute to the development of patellar tendinitis in an athletic population. Therefore, the prevention of this condition in athletes should be focused on screening for and treating poor quadriceps and hamstring muscle flexibility.
回顾性研究提出了各种可能导致易患髌腱炎的因素，但尚无前瞻性数据来确定任何关联。本研究的目的是确定运动员群体中髌腱炎发生的内在风险因素。在研究前，对138名男女体育专业学生进行了人体测量变量、腿部对线特征以及肌肉紧张度和力量参数的评估。在为期2年的研究中，138名学生中有19人患上了髌腱炎。所有病例均通过髌腱近端区域存在低回声结节性病变得以确诊。进行了单变量和逐步判别函数分析以比较各种测量结果。这些分析表明，唯一显著的决定因素是肌肉柔韧性，髌腱炎患者的股四头肌和腘绳肌柔韧性较差（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明，股四头肌和腘绳肌较低的柔韧性可能导致运动员群体中髌腱炎的发生。因此，预防运动员出现这种情况应侧重于筛查和治疗股四头肌和腘绳肌柔韧性差的问题。
