Michelozzi P, Forastiere F, Perucci C A, Fusco D, Barca A, Spadea T
Osservatorio Epidemiologico della Regione Lazio, Roma.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2000;36(3):297-304.
Two time-series studies, aimed at evaluating the acute health effect of air pollution among Rome inhabitants, were carried out. In the first study the correlation between daily mortality (1992 to 1995) and daily concentrations of five air pollutants (particles, SO2, NO2, CO, O3) was analyzed. In the second study the association between daily levels of the same pollutants and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular disease (1995-97) was evaluated. Poisson regression models were used to estimate the association between pollutant levels and health effect variables; the models included smooth functions of day of study, mean temperature, mean humidity and indicator variables for day of the week and holidays. Daily total mortality was associated with particle average concentration on that day and with NO2 levels of one or two days before. Hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease were positively correlated to particles, SO2, NO2, e CO. Hospital admissions for respiratory disease were associated with NO2 and CO levels of the same day and of two days before among children (0-14 years) and among adults (15-64 years). Increments of ozone were associated with increments of total respiratory and of acute respiratory diseases in children (0-14 years).
开展了两项时间序列研究，旨在评估罗马居民空气污染对健康的急性影响。在第一项研究中，分析了1992年至1995年每日死亡率与五种空气污染物（颗粒物、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、臭氧）每日浓度之间的相关性。在第二项研究中，评估了相同污染物的每日水平与呼吸道和心血管疾病住院人数（1995 - 1997年）之间的关联。采用泊松回归模型来估计污染物水平与健康影响变量之间的关联；模型包括研究日期、平均温度、平均湿度的平滑函数以及星期几和节假日的指示变量。每日总死亡率与当日颗粒物平均浓度以及前一日或两日的二氧化氮水平相关。心血管疾病住院人数与颗粒物、二氧化硫、二氧化氮和一氧化碳呈正相关。儿童（0至14岁）和成年人（15至64岁）的呼吸道疾病住院人数与当日及前两天的二氧化氮和一氧化碳水平相关。臭氧增加与儿童（0至14岁）的总呼吸道疾病和急性呼吸道疾病增加相关。
