Smejkal C W, Vallaeys T, Burton S K, Lappin-Scott H M
School of Biological Sciences, University of Exeter, UK.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2001 Apr;32(4):273-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00900.x.
An agar medium containing a range of related chlorophenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), racemic mecoprop, (R)-mecoprop and racemic 2,4-DP (2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propionic acid) was developed to assess the catabolic activity of a range of degradative strains.
The medium was previously developed containing 2,4-D as a carbon source to visualise degradation by the production of dark violet bacterial colonies. Strains isolated on mecoprop were able to degrade 2,4-D, MCPA, racemic mecoprop, (R)-mecoprop and racemic 2,4-DP, whereas the 2,4-D-enriched strains were limited to 2,4-D and MCPA as carbon sources. Sphingomonas sp. TFD44 solely degraded the dichlorinated compounds, 2,4-D, racemic 2,4-DP and 2,4-DB (2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid). However, Sphingomonas sp. AW5, originally isolated on 2,4,5-T, was the only strain to degrade the phenoxybutyric compound MCPB (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxybutyric acid).
This medium has proved to be a very effective and rapid method for screening herbicide degradation by bacterial strains.
This method reduces the problem of assessing the biodegradability of this family of compounds to an achievable level.
开发一种含有一系列相关氯苯氧基链烷酸除草剂（2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D）、2-甲基-4-氯苯氧基乙酸（MCPA）、消旋甲草胺、（R）-甲草胺和消旋2,4-DP（2-（2,4-二氯苯氧基）丙酸））的琼脂培养基，以评估一系列降解菌株的分解代谢活性。
该培养基先前已开发出来，其中含有2,4-D作为碳源，通过产生深紫色细菌菌落来观察降解情况。在甲草胺上分离出的菌株能够降解2,4-D、MCPA、消旋甲草胺、（R）-甲草胺和消旋2,4-DP，而富含2,4-D的菌株仅限于以2,4-D和MCPA作为碳源。鞘氨醇单胞菌属TFD44仅降解二氯化合物2,4-D、消旋2,4-DP和2,4-DB（2,4-二氯苯氧基丁酸）。然而，最初在2,4,5-T上分离出的鞘氨醇单胞菌属AW5是唯一能降解苯氧基丁酸化合物MCPB（4-氯-2-甲基苯氧基丁酸）的菌株。
该培养基已被证明是一种非常有效且快速的筛选细菌菌株降解除草剂的方法。
该方法将评估这类化合物生物降解性的问题降低到了可实现的水平。
