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受限扩散模型中的慢动力学与老化

Slow dynamics and aging in a constrained diffusion model.

作者信息

Corberi F, Nicodemi M, Piccioni M, Coniglio A

机构信息

Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Salerno, and Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Unitá di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.

出版信息

Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2001 Mar;63(3 Pt 1):031106. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.031106. Epub 2001 Feb 23.

Abstract

We carry out a complete analysis of the schematic diffusive model recently introduced for the description of supercooled liquids and glassy systems above the glass temperature. The model is described by a trivial equilibrium measure and the presence of kinetics constraints is mimicked through a rapidly decreasing mobility at high particle density. The governing equation describing a sudden quench process is investigated analytically in a mean field approach and by means of numerical simulations. For deep quenches a long lasting off-equilibrium dynamics is observed in dense systems before equilibration is achieved, where time translational invariance lacks and the system ages. The kinetics is slow in this time domain since the average particle diffusivity D decreases in time, as opposed to the standard diffusion case of a constant D, that is recovered only in equilibrium. The autocorrelation function decays slower than an exponential, falling in mean field as an enhanced power law. The linear response function is computed and the modalities of the break-down of the fluctuation dissipation theorem are analytically investigated, showing that an effective temperature can be defined which slowly approaches the bath temperature from above.

摘要

我们对最近引入的用于描述玻璃化温度以上过冷液体和玻璃态系统的示意性扩散模型进行了全面分析。该模型由一个平凡的平衡测度描述,动力学约束的存在通过高粒子密度下迅速下降的迁移率来模拟。描述突然淬火过程的控制方程在平均场方法中以及通过数值模拟进行了分析研究。对于深度淬火,在达到平衡之前,在致密系统中观察到长时间的非平衡动力学,此时时间平移不变性缺失且系统老化。在这个时域中动力学很慢,因为平均粒子扩散率D随时间减小,这与仅在平衡时恢复的常数D的标准扩散情况相反。自相关函数的衰减比指数慢,在平均场中以增强的幂律下降。计算了线性响应函数,并对涨落耗散定理的破坏方式进行了分析研究,结果表明可以定义一个有效温度,它从上方缓慢趋近于浴温。

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