Welzl-Müller K, Stephan K
Department of Hearing, Speech and Voice Disorders, Innsbruck, Austria.
Scand Audiol Suppl. 2001(52):7-9. doi: 10.1080/010503901300006912.
In order to improve early detection of congenital permanent childhood hearing impairment the Austrian ENT society recommended in 1995 that universal neonatal hearing screening be introduced ("Millstätter Concept"). Coverage is presently about 67% for full-term healthy neonates and 86% for neonates from intensive care units. For maternity units, referral rates between 1% and 3.7% have been reported (2.7-15% for intensive care units). The results of the screening test and follow-up in cases of failure have been documented in 37,543 neonates. Of this population, 91 infants (2.4 per 1000) showed bilateral permanent hearing loss. In these children intervention and management of the family started within the first months of life. These results justify the effort involved in introducing universal neonatal hearing screening.
为提高先天性永久性儿童听力障碍的早期检测率，奥地利耳鼻喉科学会于1995年建议推行新生儿听力普遍筛查（“米尔施塔特理念”）。目前，足月健康新生儿的筛查覆盖率约为67%，重症监护病房新生儿的筛查覆盖率为86%。据报道，产科病房的转诊率在1%至3.7%之间（重症监护病房为2.7%至15%）。对37543名新生儿的筛查测试结果及筛查未通过病例的后续情况进行了记录。在这一群体中，91名婴儿（每1000名中有2.4名）出现双侧永久性听力损失。针对这些儿童的干预措施及家庭护理在其出生后的头几个月内就已展开。这些结果证明了推行新生儿听力普遍筛查所付出的努力是值得的。
