Jaquet D, Gaboriau A, Czernichow P, Levy-Marchal C
INSERM Unit 457, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001 Apr;25(4):491-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801563.
In-utero under-nutrition dramatically alters the development of adipose tissue, during the fetal and the neonatal period.
To investigate whether adults born with intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) show evidence of impaired adipose tissue development and leptin regulation.
Serum leptin concentrations were measured in 26 healthy adults born with IUGR and 25 controls aged 24 y who have been studied previously, 3 y ago.
The IUGR group demonstrated a significant increase of body mass index (BMI) in comparison to controls between 21 and 24 y of age (4.8+/-7.7%, P=0.004 vs 0.8+/-6.7%, P=0.70). Percentage of total body fat mass was significantly higher in IUGR-born subjects than in controls (27.2+/-7.6 vs 22.0+/-7.3%, P=0.02). Fasting insulin was significantly higher in the IUGR group (7.5+/-3.8 vs 5.3+/-2.3 miccroU/ml, P=0.03). Surprisingly, crude serum leptin concentrations did not significantly differ between the two groups. Moreover, adjusted means of serum leptin levels were significantly lower in IUGR-born subjects than in controls when corrected for body fat mass, gender and fasting insulin (11.3 vs 13.8 ng/ml, P=0.02).
Adults born with IUGR developed an excess of adipose tissue associated with relatively low serum leptin levels suggestive of an altered adipocyte function. Considering the close relationship between adipose tissue and insulin-sensitivity, these observations point to the potential implication of abnormal adipose tissue development in the long-term metabolic consequences associated with in-utero undernutrition.
子宫内营养不良会在胎儿期和新生儿期显著改变脂肪组织的发育。
调查出生时患有宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）的成年人是否有脂肪组织发育受损和瘦素调节受损的证据。
对26名出生时患有IUGR的健康成年人以及25名3年前曾接受过研究的24岁对照者测量血清瘦素浓度。
与对照组相比，IUGR组在21至24岁之间体重指数（BMI）显著增加（4.8±7.7%，P = 0.004；对照组为0.8±6.7%，P = 0.70）。出生时患有IUGR的受试者全身脂肪量百分比显著高于对照组（27.2±7.6对22.0±7.3%，P = 0.02）。IUGR组空腹胰岛素水平显著更高（7.5±3.8对5.3±2.3微单位/毫升，P = 0.03）。令人惊讶的是，两组之间粗血清瘦素浓度没有显著差异。此外，在校正体脂量、性别和空腹胰岛素后，出生时患有IUGR的受试者血清瘦素水平的校正均值显著低于对照组（11.3对13.8纳克/毫升，P = 0.02）。
出生时患有IUGR的成年人脂肪组织过多，血清瘦素水平相对较低，提示脂肪细胞功能改变。考虑到脂肪组织与胰岛素敏感性之间的密切关系，这些观察结果表明异常脂肪组织发育可能与子宫内营养不良相关的长期代谢后果有关。
