Davis M B, Shaw R G
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Science. 2001 Apr 27;292(5517):673-9. doi: 10.1126/science.292.5517.673.
Tree taxa shifted latitude or elevation range in response to changes in Quaternary climate. Because many modern trees display adaptive differentiation in relation to latitude or elevation, it is likely that ancient trees were also so differentiated, with environmental sensitivities of populations throughout the range evolving in conjunction with migrations. Rapid climate changes challenge this process by imposing stronger selection and by distancing populations from environments to which they are adapted. The unprecedented rates of climate changes anticipated to occur in the future, coupled with land use changes that impede gene flow, can be expected to disrupt the interplay of adaptation and migration, likely affecting productivity and threatening the persistence of many species.
树木分类群因第四纪气候的变化而改变了纬度或海拔范围。由于许多现代树木在纬度或海拔方面表现出适应性分化，古代树木很可能也有如此分化，整个分布范围内种群的环境敏感性随着迁移而共同演变。快速的气候变化通过施加更强的选择以及使种群与它们所适应的环境相隔离，对这一过程构成了挑战。预计未来会出现前所未有的气候变化速度，再加上阻碍基因流动的土地利用变化，可能会扰乱适应与迁移之间的相互作用，很可能影响生产力并威胁到许多物种的存续。
