Kwak H I, Bae M O, Lee M H, Lee Y S, Lee B J, Kang K S, Chae C H, Sung H J, Shin J S, Kim J H, Mar W C, Sheen Y Y, Cho M H
Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Apr;20(4):787-95.
A number of fish species have been used for studies on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, despite the widespread use of oviparous fish, relatively little attention has been given to viviparous species. This study investigated the effects of EDCs in a viviparous fish and examined the possible usefulness of the fish as an alternative model for the studies on EDCs. Swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri) were exposed to nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA), and their mixture. Both short-term (3-d) and relatively long-term (60-d) exposures were carried out using adult male and 30-d-old juvenile fish, respectively. Following the short-term exposure, both NP and BPA caused vitellogenin mRNA expression. Flow cytometric analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay on the testes of treated fish indicated reproductive damage. Histopathological analysis found degenerative and necrotic cells in seminiferous tubules following the exposure to 100 ppb NP. The testes with lesions were also associated with highly suppressed spermatogenesis. Following the long-term exposure, both NP and BPA exposures significantly affected the growth of swordtails. In all cases, the results showed that the mixture was always more potent than a single chemical and that swordtail fish can be a useful model for the study of endocrine disruptors.
许多鱼类物种已被用于内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）的研究。然而，尽管卵生鱼类被广泛使用，但胎生鱼类却相对较少受到关注。本研究调查了EDCs对一种胎生鱼类的影响，并检验了这种鱼作为EDCs研究替代模型的潜在用途。剑尾鱼（Xiphophorus helleri）被暴露于壬基酚（NP）、双酚A（BPA）及其混合物中。分别使用成年雄鱼和30日龄幼鱼进行了短期（3天）和相对长期（60天）的暴露实验。短期暴露后，NP和BPA均导致卵黄蛋白原mRNA表达。对处理过的鱼的睾丸进行流式细胞术分析和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶检测表明存在生殖损伤。组织病理学分析发现，暴露于100 ppb NP后，生精小管中有退化和坏死细胞。有病变的睾丸也伴随着精子发生的高度抑制。长期暴露后,NP和BPA暴露均显著影响剑尾鱼的生长。在所有情况下，结果表明混合物的作用总是比单一化学物质更强，并且剑尾鱼可以成为研究内分泌干扰物的有用模型。
