Ohida T, Sakurai H, Mochizuki Y, Kamal A M, Takemura S, Minowa M, Kawahara K
Department of Public Health Administration, National Institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8638, Japan.
JAMA. 2001;285(20):2643-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.20.2643.
The World Health Organization has advocated that physicians should not smoke cigarettes and surveys on this issue should be conducted among medical professionals. However, no nationally representative surveys of smoking among physicians in Japan have been reported.
To estimate the nationwide prevalence of smoking and determine the attitudes toward smoking among Japanese physicians.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Descriptive study in which anonymous questionnaires were mailed to 4500 randomly selected physician members of the Japan Medical Association in the year 2000, which represents 63% of all Japanese physicians; 3771 (84%) respondents were included in the analysis.
Smoking prevalence among physicians, history of smoking, and attitudes toward smoking.
The prevalence of cigarette smoking among physicians was 27.1% for men and 6.8% for women, about half the age-adjusted prevalences among the general Japanese population. Smoking prevalence was higher among male physicians in Japan than those in the United States (3%-10%) and the United Kingdom (4%-5%). Smoking prevalence differed by age, with the highest prevalence among male past smokers aged 70 years or older (51.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 47.4%-56.2%). Among male current smokers, the highest rates were for those aged 40 to 49 years (31%; 95% CI, 27.5%-34.5%); rates for female past smokers were highest among those aged 50 to 59 years (10.7%; 95% CI, 6.6%-14.8%) and for female current smokers were highest among those aged 70 years or older (8.2%; 95% CI, 4.8%-11.6%). Nonsmoking physicians had more unfavorable views toward smoking and were more active in encouraging patients not to smoke than those physicians who smoked.
Smoking cessation programs should be introduced among Japanese physicians to reduce the number of smoking physicians. Also, a continuing education program should be instituted to motivate physicians about their role in society.
世界卫生组织倡导医生不应吸烟，并建议针对这一问题对医学专业人员展开调查。然而，日本尚未有全国范围内具有代表性的医生吸烟情况调查报道。
估算日本全国医生的吸烟率，并确定日本医生对吸烟的态度。
设计、地点和参与者：描述性研究，2000年向随机抽取的4500名日本医学协会医生会员邮寄匿名问卷，这些会员占日本所有医生的63%；3771名（84%）受访者纳入分析。
医生吸烟率、吸烟史以及对吸烟的态度。
男性医生吸烟率为27.1%，女性为6.8%，约为日本总体人群年龄调整后吸烟率的一半。日本男性医生吸烟率高于美国（3%-10%）和英国（4%-5%）的男性医生。吸烟率因年龄而异，70岁及以上男性既往吸烟者吸烟率最高（51.8%；95%置信区间[CI]，47.4%-56.2%）。在男性当前吸烟者中，40至49岁者吸烟率最高（31%；95%CI，27.5%-34.5%）；女性既往吸烟者中，50至59岁者吸烟率最高（10.7%；95%CI，6.6%-14.8%），女性当前吸烟者中，70岁及以上者吸烟率最高（8.2%；95%CI，4.8%-11.6%）。与吸烟医生相比，不吸烟医生对吸烟的看法更负面，在鼓励患者戒烟方面也更积极。
应在日本医生中推行戒烟项目，以减少吸烟医生的数量。此外，应开展继续教育项目，激励医生认识到自身在社会中的作用。
