Chalupa P, Vanista J, Burget I, Stary J, Sukova M, Nohynkova M
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2001;102(2):84-91.
From the late 1950s through 2000, a total of 8 cases of imported visceral leishmaniosis (VL) were registered in the Czech republic.
The authors were made to point to the issue of imported VL by the fact 3 cases of this disease (imported from East Africa, Croatia, and southern Italy) were reported in 1999, plus another one (again imported from Croatia) in 2000.
The case reports of 4 cases of imported VL are presented. They are cases 5-8 ever reported in the Czech Republic.
The infection manifested itself by fever, marked splenomegaly, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and rapid weight loss. The diagnosis was confirmed by the microscopic finding of amastigotes in punctate obtained from bone marrow, liver, spleen and, also, by serology. All the patients were successfully treated with amphotericin B.
Infection by VL should be considered when establishing the diagnosis not only in patient returning from endemic regions and show hepatosplenomegaly, fever, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Given the long incubation time, VL may be encountered also in foreigners who had lived in the above regions. Besides, the diagnosis of VL should also be considered in immunocompromised individuals. (Ref. 27.).
从20世纪50年代末到2000年，捷克共和国共登记了8例输入性内脏利什曼病（VL）。
1999年报告了3例这种疾病（分别从东非、克罗地亚和意大利南部输入），2000年又报告了1例（同样从克罗地亚输入），这一事实促使作者关注输入性VL问题。
介绍了4例输入性VL的病例报告。它们是捷克共和国报告的第5 - 8例病例。
感染表现为发热、明显脾肿大、白细胞减少、血小板减少和体重迅速减轻。通过在骨髓、肝脏、脾脏穿刺物中显微镜下发现无鞭毛体以及血清学检查确诊。所有患者均用两性霉素B成功治疗。
在诊断时，不仅对于来自流行地区且有肝脾肿大、发热、白细胞减少和血小板减少的患者，应考虑VL感染。鉴于潜伏期长，在曾居住在上述地区的外国人中也可能遇到VL。此外，免疫功能低下个体也应考虑VL的诊断。（参考文献27）
