Albano C, Platteau P, Devroey P
Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Jun;13(3):257-62. doi: 10.1097/00001703-200106000-00002.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists have been widely used to prevent luteinizing hormone surges during controlled ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technologies. Treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists of uterine myoma, endometriosis and some hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast, ovarian, endometrial and prostate cancer, also seems to have a beneficial effect. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists have the disadvantage of inducing an initial stimulatory effect on gonadotropin secretion, necessitating 2-3 weeks before pituitary desensitization is achieved. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists, on the contrary, cause an immediate inhibition of gonadotropin secretion by competitive blocking of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Some advantages of their clinical use in controlled ovarian stimulation have already been demonstrated. Randomized comparative studies are needed to investigate their benefit over gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists for myoma and hormone-related disorders.
促性腺激素释放激素激动剂已被广泛用于辅助生殖技术中控制性卵巢刺激期间预防黄体生成素激增。用促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症以及一些激素依赖性癌症，如乳腺癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌和前列腺癌，似乎也有有益效果。促性腺激素释放激素激动剂的缺点是对促性腺激素分泌有初始刺激作用，在垂体脱敏前需要2至3周时间。相反，促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂通过竞争性阻断垂体促性腺激素释放激素受体，立即抑制促性腺激素分泌。它们在控制性卵巢刺激中的一些临床应用优势已得到证实。需要进行随机对照研究来调查其在治疗肌瘤和激素相关疾病方面相对于促性腺激素释放激素激动剂的益处。
