Virtanen H E, Kaleva M, Haavisto A M, Schmidt I M, Chellakooty M, Main K M, Skakkebaek N E, Toppari J
Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Finland.
APMIS. 2001 Feb;109(2):96-100. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0463.2001.d01-109.x.
Reports based on national registers of congenital malformations have suggested that the birth rate of hypospadias has increased during the last few decades. Register-based information may, however, have pitfalls because of changes in diagnostics, reporting accuracy and registration system. The aim of this study was to determine the current birth rate of hypospadias in Turku University Central Hospital (TUCH) in Finland. This was a prospective study on live-born boys born in TUCH from 1997 to 1999. In the total birth cohort (n=5,798) as well as in a special subcohort group (n=1,505) 0.3% of boys had hypospadias. Only one scrotal hypospadias was found in a boy who had a chromosomal anomaly. Other hypospadias were glandular or coronal. No increase was found in the birth rate of hypospadias when comparing our result with register-based data of boys born in Finland during the years 1970 to 1986 and surgically treated for hypospadias by the age of 8 years. No difference was found either from malformation register-based data concerning the nationwide birth rate of hypospadias during the years 1993 to 1998. Due to differences in national registration systems between countries, prospective studies with equal assessment criteria are needed in order to make reliable international comparisons.
基于国家先天性畸形登记处的报告表明，在过去几十年间尿道下裂的出生率有所上升。然而，由于诊断、报告准确性和登记系统的变化，基于登记处的信息可能存在缺陷。本研究的目的是确定芬兰图尔库大学中心医院（TUCH）目前尿道下裂的出生率。这是一项对1997年至1999年在TUCH出生的活产男婴进行的前瞻性研究。在整个出生队列（n = 5798）以及一个特殊的亚队列组（n = 1505）中，0.3%的男婴患有尿道下裂。在一名患有染色体异常的男婴中仅发现一例阴囊型尿道下裂。其他尿道下裂类型为阴茎头型或冠状沟型。将我们的结果与1970年至1986年在芬兰出生且8岁前接受尿道下裂手术治疗的男童的登记处数据进行比较时，未发现尿道下裂出生率有所增加。与1993年至1998年期间基于畸形登记处的全国尿道下裂出生率数据相比，也未发现差异。由于各国国家登记系统存在差异，为了进行可靠的国际比较，需要采用具有相同评估标准的前瞻性研究。
