Wu Z H, Baillargeon J, Grady J J, Black S A, Dunn K
Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2001 Jul;11(5):342-6. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(01)00210-1.
The seroprevalence of HIV infection was examined among a sample of incoming inmates in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison system. Rates were compared across sociodemographic factors and three types of prison facilities: substance abuse felony punishment units (SAFPs), state jails, and prisons.
The study sample consisted of 4386 incoming inmates incarcerated for any duration, dating from November 1, 1998, to May 31, 1999.
Among males, inmates entering state jails had a higher HIV infection rate (3.7%) than either inmates entering prisons (1.9%) or those entering SAFPs (0.5%). Among females, inmates entering prisons had a higher rate of infection (9.3%) than those entering state jails (2.5%) or SAFPs (4.5%).
Although a number of blinded HIV seroprevalence studies have been conducted in U.S. prison systems, scarce information is currently available on HIV infection rates in alternative correctional facilities. The present study shows that HIV seropositivity varied substantially according to race, gender, and prison facility type. Given the shorter incarceration periods for inmates held in alternative facilities, understanding how infection rates vary according to type of incarceration facility holds particular public health relevance.
在得克萨斯州刑事司法监狱系统的一批新入狱囚犯样本中检测HIV感染的血清流行率。对不同社会人口学因素以及三种类型监狱设施（药物滥用重罪惩罚单位、州立监狱和监狱）的感染率进行了比较。
研究样本包括1998年11月1日至1999年5月31日期间入狱的4386名新入狱囚犯，关押时间不限。
在男性中，进入州立监狱的囚犯HIV感染率（3.7%）高于进入监狱的囚犯（1.9%）或进入药物滥用重罪惩罚单位的囚犯（0.5%）。在女性中，进入监狱的囚犯感染率（9.3%）高于进入州立监狱的囚犯（2.5%）或进入药物滥用重罪惩罚单位的囚犯（4.5%）。
尽管在美国监狱系统中已经进行了一些关于HIV血清流行率的盲法研究，但目前关于其他惩教设施中HIV感染率的信息很少。本研究表明，HIV血清阳性率因种族、性别和监狱设施类型的不同而有很大差异。鉴于在其他设施中关押的囚犯监禁期较短，了解感染率如何因监禁设施类型而异具有特殊的公共卫生意义。
