Norberg B, Weltzien F A, Karlsen Ø, Holm J C
Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Aquaculture Research Station, N-5392, Storebø, Norway.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;129(2-3):357-65. doi: 10.1016/s1096-4959(01)00320-7.
A major obstacle in modern, intensive aquaculture is the precocious maturation of male fish, leading to decreased somatic growth and reduced filet quality. Effects of photoperiod on sexual maturation and growth in male Atlantic halibut were therefore examined. In June 1996, 1300 1+ fish of both sexes were distributed in two indoor tanks supplied with continuous light (LL) or a simulated natural photoperiod (SNP). In December 1996 and June 1997, 200 individuals were exchanged between the tanks creating six experimental groups that were followed until June 1998. LL stimulated growth and accelerated timing of first maturation by approximately 3 months. LL also appeared to interrupt circannual rhythmicity in sexual maturation. Sexual maturation led to reduced growth from 3 months pre-spawning and throughout the spawning season. Males that did not mature during the experiment attained the highest final body weight. All males reared on LL from June 1997 reached sexual maturity the following season. In contrast, only 26% of the males matured in the group transferred from LL to SNP in June 1997, and this group also had the highest final body weight. The results indicate a possible route for reducing the problem of precocious maturation in male halibut.
现代集约化水产养殖中的一个主要障碍是雄鱼早熟，这会导致身体生长减缓以及鱼片品质下降。因此，研究了光周期对雄性大西洋大比目鱼性成熟和生长的影响。1996年6月，将1300条1龄雌雄大比目鱼分养在两个室内水箱中，一个水箱提供持续光照（LL），另一个提供模拟自然光照周期（SNP）。1996年12月和1997年6月，在两个水箱之间交换了200条鱼，形成了六个实验组，并持续观察至1998年6月。持续光照促进了生长，并使首次成熟时间提前了约3个月。持续光照似乎还扰乱了性成熟的年周期节律。性成熟导致从产卵前3个月到整个产卵季节生长减缓。在实验期间未成熟的雄鱼最终体重最高。1997年6月起在持续光照条件下饲养的所有雄鱼在下个季节都达到了性成熟。相比之下，1997年6月从持续光照组转到模拟自然光照周期组的雄鱼中只有26%成熟，而且该组的最终体重也是最高的。这些结果表明了一条可能减少雄性大比目鱼早熟问题的途径。
