Tsunoda Y, Chang M C
J Exp Zool. 1975 Jul;193(1):79-86. doi: 10.1002/jez.1401930107.
In vitro fertilization of rat and mouse eggs by ejaculated or epididymal spermatozoa in chemically defined media was studied. Penetration rates by ejaculated sperm was very low (0 to 8%) in the rat, but 11 to 41% of eggs were penetrated by ejaculated sperm in the mouse. The optimal concentration of sperm for in vitro fertilization appears to be similar whether ejaculated or epididymal sperm were used. The time of sperm penetration in the mouse eggs, however, was delayed for one-half to one hour when ejaculated sperm were used. The importance of sodium pyruvate, sodium lactate and glucose in the medium containing bovine serum albumin for in vitro fertilization of rat eggs was examined. When rat eggs in cumulus clot were exposed to epididymal sperm preincubated for five hours, the presence of sodium pyruvate, sodium lactate and glucose was found to play an important role. When exposed to non-incubated epididymal sperm sodium pyruvate could be omitted without much decline of the fertilization rate. When the denuded eggs were exposed to non-incubated sperm, penetration rates were very low (0 and 5%) in the absence of pyruvate. It appears that although lactate, pyruvate and glucose are all important for in vitro fertilization of rat eggs, pyruvate can be supplied by the follicular cells surrounding the eggs.
研究了在化学成分明确的培养基中，用射出的或附睾的精子对大鼠和小鼠卵子进行体外受精的情况。大鼠中，射出精子的穿透率非常低（0%至8%），但在小鼠中，11%至41%的卵子被射出精子穿透。无论使用射出的还是附睾的精子，体外受精的最佳精子浓度似乎相似。然而，当使用射出精子时，精子穿透小鼠卵子的时间延迟了半小时到一小时。研究了含有牛血清白蛋白的培养基中丙酮酸钠、乳酸钠和葡萄糖对大鼠卵子体外受精的重要性。当卵丘凝块中的大鼠卵子暴露于预先孵育5小时的附睾精子时，发现丙酮酸钠、乳酸钠和葡萄糖的存在起着重要作用。当暴露于未孵育的附睾精子时，可以省略丙酮酸钠而受精率没有太大下降。当裸卵暴露于未孵育的精子时，在没有丙酮酸盐的情况下穿透率非常低（0%和5%）。似乎虽然乳酸、丙酮酸和葡萄糖对大鼠卵子的体外受精都很重要，但丙酮酸可以由卵子周围的卵泡细胞提供。
