Ludermir A B, Lewis G
Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Graças, Recife, Brasil.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2001 Mar;36(3):101-7. doi: 10.1007/s001270050297.
Social class is an important aspect of all societies. Social class differences in the prevalence of common mental disorder are likely to vary according to time, culture and stage of economic development. The present study aimed to investigate the intermediaries between social class and common mental disorder in a deprived area of Northeast Brazil. The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) was used to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorder.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 683 adults, aged 15 years and over, living in a random sample of private households in area II of Olinda, Recife Metropolitan Region, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Poor education (odds ratio, OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.2; <5 years vs > or =11 years education) and low income (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0-5.6; < or =1/4 minimum wage vs >1 minimum wage) were independently associated with the prevalence of common mental disorder. Univariate associations with occupation, housing conditions and possession of household appliances could be understood in part by their association with poor education.
Brazil has the second most unequal distribution of income in the world. Disparity in educational attainment could be one of the most important factors perpetuating social inequalities in psychiatric disorder in the country.
社会阶层是所有社会的一个重要方面。常见精神障碍患病率的社会阶层差异可能会因时间、文化和经济发展阶段而有所不同。本研究旨在调查巴西东北部一个贫困地区社会阶层与常见精神障碍之间的中介因素。采用自填问卷（SRQ）来估计常见精神障碍的患病率。
对居住在巴西伯南布哥州累西腓大都市区奥林达第二区随机抽取的私人家庭中的683名15岁及以上成年人进行了横断面调查。
教育程度低（比值比，OR 2.5，95%可信区间1.2 - 5.2；受教育年限<5年与≥11年）和低收入（OR 2.4，95%可信区间1.0 - 5.6；收入≤1/4最低工资与>1最低工资）与常见精神障碍的患病率独立相关。职业、住房条件和拥有家用电器的单变量关联部分可通过它们与低教育程度的关联来解释。
巴西是世界上收入分配最不平等的国家之一。教育程度的差异可能是该国精神障碍社会不平等持续存在的最重要因素之一。
