Schachter S, Nelson R W, Kirk C A
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2001 Jul-Aug;15(4):379-84.
Chromium is an essential dietary trace mineral involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Chromium is required for cellular uptake of glucose, and chromium deficiency causes insulin resistance. Chromium supplementation may improve insulin sensitivity and has been used as adjunct treatment of diabetes mellitus in humans. In this study, 13 dogs with naturally acquired diabetes mellitus were treated with insulin for 3 months, then with insulin and chromium picolinate for 3 months. Dogs weighing <15 kg (33 lb: n = 9) were administered 200 microg of chromium picolinate PO once daily for I month, then 200 microg of chromium picolinate twice daily for 2 months. Dogs weighing >15 kg (n = 4) received 200 microg of chromium picolinate once daily for 2 weeks, then 200 microg twice daily for 2 weeks, then 400 microg twice daily for 2 months. Type of insulin, frequency of insulin administration, and diet were kept constant, and insulin dosage was adjusted, as needed, to maintain optimal control of glycemia. Mean body weight, daily insulin dosage, daily caloric intake, 10-hour mean blood glucose concentration, blood glycated hemoglobin concentration, and serum fructosamine concentration were not markedly different when dogs were treated with insulin and chromium picolinate, compared with insulin alone. Adverse effects were not identified with chromium picolinate administration. Results of this study suggest that, at a dosage range of 20-60 microg/kg/d, chromium picolinate caused no beneficial or harmful effects in insulin-treated diabetic dogs.
铬是一种必需的膳食微量矿物质，参与碳水化合物和脂质代谢。细胞摄取葡萄糖需要铬，铬缺乏会导致胰岛素抵抗。补充铬可能会改善胰岛素敏感性，并已被用作人类糖尿病的辅助治疗。在本研究中，13只自然发生糖尿病的犬只先用胰岛素治疗3个月，然后用胰岛素和吡啶甲酸铬治疗3个月。体重<15 kg（33磅：n = 9）的犬只每天口服200微克吡啶甲酸铬，持续1个月，然后每天口服2次，每次200微克，持续2个月。体重>15 kg（n = 4）的犬只每天口服200微克吡啶甲酸铬，持续2周，然后每天口服2次，每次200微克，持续2周，然后每天口服2次，每次400微克，持续2个月。胰岛素类型、胰岛素给药频率和饮食保持不变，并根据需要调整胰岛素剂量，以维持血糖的最佳控制。与单独使用胰岛素相比，用胰岛素和吡啶甲酸铬治疗犬只时，平均体重、每日胰岛素剂量、每日热量摄入、10小时平均血糖浓度、糖化血红蛋白浓度和血清果糖胺浓度没有明显差异。未发现吡啶甲酸铬给药有不良反应。本研究结果表明，在20 - 60微克/千克/天的剂量范围内，吡啶甲酸铬对胰岛素治疗的糖尿病犬没有有益或有害影响。
