Mbanya D, Binam F, Kaptue L
Hôpital Central, and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Int J Infect Dis. 2001;5(2):70-3. doi: 10.1016/s1201-9712(01)90028-1.
With a goal to establish strategies for improving blood safety in resource-limited conditions, the outcome of blood transfusion in a hospital setting of Cameroon was examined.
A 5-year descriptive and prospective study was conducted in which information on donor blood and recipients was obtained by direct patient observation and by examining patient notes in the various services of the hospital and records from the blood bank.
Of 40,134 donations, 35,318 (88%) were from relatives or friends of recipients. Only 80% of all donated blood was considered safe for distribution. An average of about 20% of donated blood was rejected each year for positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B antigen results. Other infections were not screened for. More than 50% of transfusions within the hospital were associated with an unfavorable outcome, predominantly febrile reactions and urticaria (40.1% and 19.4%, respectively). Acute intravascular hemolysis, circulatory overload, and deaths occurred in 0.01%, 0.04%, and 0.14% of cases, respectively. A case of post-transfusion HIV infection was also detected.
Blood transfusion is still unsafe in many resource-limited communities of developing countries. However, it is possible to reduce some of these complications without sophisticated technology. Efforts to recruit more benevolent and autologous donors in the communities are essential.
为制定在资源有限条件下改善血液安全的策略，对喀麦隆一家医院的输血结果进行了研究。
开展了一项为期5年的描述性前瞻性研究，通过直接观察患者以及查阅医院各科室的患者病历和血库记录，获取献血者和受血者的信息。
在40134次献血中，35318次（88%）来自受血者的亲属或朋友。所有献血中只有80%被认为可安全用于分发。每年平均约20%的献血因人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测呈阳性或乙肝抗原检测呈阳性而被拒收。未对其他感染进行筛查。医院内超过50%的输血出现了不良后果，主要是发热反应和荨麻疹（分别为40.1%和19.4%）。急性血管内溶血、循环超负荷和死亡分别发生在0.01%、0.04%和0.14%的病例中。还检测到1例输血后HIV感染病例。
在发展中国家许多资源有限的社区，输血仍然不安全。然而，无需复杂技术就有可能减少其中一些并发症。在社区招募更多的志愿献血者和自体献血者至关重要。
